Application of serum EB virus antibody combined with serum IL-27 and TLR4 testing in the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2025.01.008

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To explore the application of serum EB virus (EBV) antibody viral capsid protein-immunoglobulin M/viral capsid protein-immunoglobulin G(VCA-IgM/IgG) combined with interleukin-27 (IL-27) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) testing in the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Method From March 2022 and March 2024, 58 patients with IM who visited our hospital and met the research criteria were included as the study subjects, and 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations were included as the control group. Fully automatic chemiluminescence analyzer and supporting reagents were applied for VCA-IgM/IgG detection. ELISA method was applied to detect the protein expression of IL-27 and TLR4 in serum. Spearman method was applied to analyze the correlation between serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, TLR4 levels and disease staging in IM patients. ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR4 levels in IM patients. Result The positive rate of VCA-IgM/IgG in the IM group was obviously higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of serum IL-27 and TLR4 were obviously higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The positive rate of serum VCA-IgM/IgG and the levels of IL-27 and TLR4 in patients in the early, middle, and late stages showed a gradually increasing trend (P<0.05). The levels of serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR4 were positively correlated with the disease staging of IM patients (P<0.05). VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of IM (P<0.05). The sensitivity of detecting IM with serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR4 alone was 74.14%, 81.03%, and 68.97%, respectively, the specificity was 80.00%, 86.67%, and 91.67%, respectively, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined diagnosis for IM were 93.10%, 78.33%, and 85.59%, respectively, which were consistent with clinical diagnosis (Kappa value=0.713, P<0.001). Conclusion The positive expression rate of serum VCA-IgM/IgG and the levels of IL-27 and TLR4 are all elevated in IM patients, and the combination of the three has high diagnostic value for IM patients.

Key words: Epstein-Barr virus antibody, Interleukin-27, Toll-like receptor 4, Infectious mononucleosis, Diagnosis

CLC Number:

R512.7

Liu Ting, Sang Juan, Gao Siyang, Jin Quan, Wang Liyan, Ni Wenchang. Application of serum EB virus antibody combined with serum IL-27 and TLR4 testing in the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2025, 10(1): 39-43.

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