Analysis of prevalence and influencing factors of subjective cognition and objective cognitive impairment in HIV/AIDS patients

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2025.03.008

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of both subjective and objective cognitive impairment in HIV/AIDS patients by combining two neurocognitive assessment scales, and to provide reference for early clinical screening and personalized intervention. Method 175 patients with HIV/AIDS hospitalized in Shenzhen Third People's Hospital from May to July 2024 were selected and investigated by general data questionnaire, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA) and perceptual deficit questionnaire(PDQ). Multiple linear regression and binary Logistic regression were used to analyze the factors affecting subjective and objective neurocognitive impairment. Result Among 175 HIV/AIDS patients, 65 cases (37.1%) were found to have subjective cognitive decline by perception deficit questionnaire. PDQ scores were 14.0 (6.0, 26.0). Objectivecognitive impairment was detected in 98 patients with Montreal cognitive scale, accounting for 56.0%, and MoCA score was 26.0 (22.0, 28.0) points. The single factor results showed that the scores of PDQ were correlated with gender, age, insomnia, sleep quality, sleep duration and medication compliance. The scores of MoCA were correlated with gender, age, marital status, payment mode, education level, residence, monthly income, waist circumference, length of hospital stay, years of antiviral treatment, number of comorbidities, and coinfection with Hepatitis C virus (HCV). The results of multiple factors showed that gender, sleep quality and medication compliance were the factors affecting subjective cognitive decline in HIV/AIDS patients. Educational attainment and coinfection with HCV were risk factors for objective cognitive impairment. Conclusion The incidence of neurocognitive impairment is high in HIV/AIDS patients. Women, those with lower education, those with HCV infection, those with poor medication compliance and those with poor sleep quality are at high-risk for cognitive impairment. Early screening and evidence-based intervention should be given to high-risk groups in order to prevent or delay the occurrence and development of neurocognitive disorders.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Subjective cognitive decline, Cognitive impairment, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, Influencing factors

CLC Number:

R47.55

Li Mengjun, Chen Jingfang, Yuan Jing, Tang Fang, Ruan Shujin, Meng Ting, Zhan Cuixia. Analysis of prevalence and influencing factors of subjective cognition and objective cognitive impairment in HIV/AIDS patients[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2025, 10(3): 47-52.

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