Abstract: Objective This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) patients in Guangxi from 2019 to 2021, providing data support for the treatment and prevention of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Method A retrospective study was conducted to collect clinical data and treatment outcomes for 585 MDR/RR-TB patients who visited a tuberculosis hospital in Guangxi during the specified period. The analysis focused on the impact of various factors on the treatment outcomes of these patients. Result The overall treatment success rate for MDR/RR-TB patients was 53.33%, with annual rates of 51.02%, 53.30%, and 54.98% from 2019 to 2021, respectively. The main factors influencing treatment outcomes included gender, age, population classification, treatment classification, adverse drug reactions, and the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes and lung disease (P<0.05), male patients, those over 24 years old, patients with adverse drug reactions, and those with diabetes were more likely to have poor treatment outcomes(P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of MDR/RR-TB in Guangxi has shown promising results, with an increasing treatment success rate from 2019 to 2021. Future treatment and supervision efforts should prioritize male patients, the elderly, those experiencing adverse drug reactions, and patients with diabetes, while also enhancing the monitoring of adverse drug reactions to improve the treatment success rate for drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Key words: Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, Influencing factors, Successful treatment