类器官在传染病预防与诊治研究中的应用现状与展望

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2026.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 类器官技术作为新兴的生物医学研究工具,近年来在传染病的预防与诊治研究中展现出巨大的潜力。传染病的高发性和复杂性使传统的研究方法面临诸多局限,如细胞系难以模拟器官三维微环境、动物模型与人体生理存在物种差异、临床样本研究无法动态追踪感染过程等。类器官可在体外高度还原人体器官的三维结构与生理功能,为研究病原体感染机制、疫苗研发、药物筛选及个性化医疗提供了新的平台。目前,类器官在相关领域的应用已取得了一定的进展,但仍面临标准化模型建立、细胞来源多样性及伦理规范等挑战。本文旨在综述类器官技术在传染病研究中的具体应用现状,并探讨其未来的发展方向,以期为类器官技术在传染病领域的进一步应用提供参考。

关键词: 类器官, 传染病, 防诊治, 疫苗开发, 应用现状, 展望

Abstract: Organoid technology, as an emerging biomedical research tool, has shown great potential in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in recent years. The high incidence and complexity of infectious diseases have rendered traditional research methods confronted with multiple limitations, such as the failure of cell lines to simulate the three-dimensional microenvironment of organs, the species-specific differences between animal models and human physiology, and the inability of clinical sample studies to dynamically track the infection process. In contrast, organoids are capable of highly recapitulating the three-dimensional structure and physiological functions of human organs in vitro, providing a novel platform for investigating pathogen infection mechanisms, vaccine development, drug screening, and personalized medicine. Although considerable progress has been made in the application of organoids in these fields, challenges such as the establishment of standardized models, cellular source diversity, and ethical concerns remain. This review aims to summarize the current applications of organoids in infectious disease research and discuss future directions, with the goal of facilitating further advancements in organoid technology for infectious disease management.

Key words: Organoids, Infectious diseases, Prevention, diagnosis and treatment, Vaccine development, Current application status, Prospects

中图分类号:

R51
R184

王晛珏, 杨树伟. 类器官在传染病预防与诊治研究中的应用现状与展望[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2026, 11(2): 83-91.

Wang Xianjue, Yang Shuwei. Current application status and prospects of organoids in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2026, 11(2): 83-91.

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