Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the chronic infectious diseases that seriously affect human health. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a fatal disease caused by the blockage of the main or branches of the pulmonary artery by internal and external emboli. PE is not common in HIV-infected people, but it has attracted attention because of its high mortality rate. In this paper, the clinical data of 2 cases of HIV infection combined with PE were discussed in order to improve the understanding, attention and diagnosis of the disease. The two male patients were all over 40 years old, had a long history of smoking, had regular anti-HIV treatment, and were diagnosed with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure after admission, requiring long-term bed rest. After comprehensive treatment such as anti-infection, symptoms such as wheezing and shortness of breath did not improve significantly, and then chest imaging examination was performed to confirm PE, and comprehensive treatment such as anticoagulation was given. Due to the low immunity of HIV infected persons, they are easy to combine with other opportunistic infections, thus ignoring the typical clinical symptoms of PE chest pain, hemoptysis, and dyspnea, resulting in clinical missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Through the review of the case report and related literature in this paper, to improve the clinician's understanding of the disease, for patients with PE high risk factors to be vigilant, timely elimination, early diagnosis, early treatment.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus, Infection, Pulmonary embolism, Venous thromboembo1ism