聚乙二醇干扰素α治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎实现临床治愈的影响因素研究进展

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2026.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 慢性乙型病毒性肝炎（chronic hepatitis B, CHB）是全球重要公共卫生问题,实现临床治愈即乙肝表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg）清除是当前抗病毒治疗的重要目标。聚乙二醇干扰素α（Pegylated interferon alpha, PEG-IFNα）兼具免疫调节与直接抗病毒双重作用,是促进CHB临床治愈的关键治疗药物。然而,其疗效存在显著个体差异,临床治愈率受病毒学、宿主及治疗策略等多重因素交互影响。本文重点围绕PEG-IFNα治疗CHB实现临床治愈的影响因素进行综述。现有证据表明,病毒学标志物有助于筛选优势人群,宿主免疫应答特征与治疗应答密切相关,遗传多态性可通过调节干扰素信号通路影响个体疗效,而治疗策略的合理选择亦对临床治愈率产生重要影响。本文同时评析当前研究中单一标志物预测效能有限、前瞻性验证不足等瓶颈问题,并提出未来应整合多维度动态指标,构建个体化预测模型,以精准筛选优势人群、优化治疗决策,从而进一步提升CHB临床治愈率。

关键词: 聚乙二醇干扰素α, 慢性乙型病毒性肝炎, 临床治愈, 影响因素, 病毒学, 免疫学

Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major global public health issue, and achieving clinical cure, defined as clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), is a primary goal of current antiviral therapy. Pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFNα) possesses both immunomodulatory and direct antiviral effects, making it a key therapeutic agent for promoting clinical cure in CHB. However, its efficacy varies considerably among individuals, and the clinical cure rate is influenced by multiple interacting factors, including virological, host-related, and treatment-related variables. This review focuses on the factors influencing the achievement of clinical cure with PEG-IFNα therapy in CHB. Current evidence indicates that virological markers are helpful in identifying favorable populations, host immune response characteristics are closely associated with treatment response, genetic polymorphisms may affect individual efficacy by modulating interferon signaling pathways, and appropriate selection of treatment strategies also significantly impacts the clinical cure rate. This review also critically evaluates current research bottlenecks, such as the limited predictive efficacy of single markers and insufficient prospective validation, and proposes that future efforts should integrate multidimensional dynamic indicators to construct personalized predictive models, thereby enabling precise screening of favorable populations and optimization of treatment decisions, ultimately further improving the clinical cure rate of CHB.

Key words: Pegylated interferon alpha, Chronic hepatitis B, Clinical cure, Influencing factors, Virology, Immunology

中图分类号:

R521
R378.91

梅昕然, 陈婧. 聚乙二醇干扰素α治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎实现临床治愈的影响因素研究进展[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2026, 11(4): 88-94.

Mei Xinran, Chen Jing. Research progress on influencing factors of clinical cure achieved by pegylated interferon alpha in chronic hepatitis B[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2026, 11(4): 88-94.

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