宏基因组测序技术在鹦鹉热早期诊断中的应用进展

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2026.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鹦鹉热衣原体感染是一种全球性的人兽共患呼吸道传染病,其临床表现多样且缺乏特异性,极易被误诊为社区获得性肺炎。早期精准诊断对于控制疾病传播和改善患者预后至关重要。但传统的病原学检测方法（包括血清抗体检测等）存在敏感度低、耗时长等问题。宏基因组二代测序（metagenomic next-generation sequencing,mNGS）技术作为一种快速、高敏感度的病原体检测工具,在鹦鹉热诊断中表现出显著优势,尤其对重症病例意义重大,能够快速识别致病病原体,为临床早期诊治鹦鹉热衣原体感染提供了新的有效策略。然而,当前mNGS的临床推广仍面临诸多挑战,包括样本前处理标准化不足等问题。本文综述了mNGS在该病早期诊断中的应用场景、性能优势及临床价值,同时提出当前挑战并对未来方向进行了展望。本文旨在为鹦鹉热衣原体感染的防治工作提供理论依据,以促进该技术的合理应用与持续优化。

关键词: 宏基因组测序, 鹦鹉热, 社区获得性肺炎, 早期诊断

Abstract: Chlamydia psittaci infection is a globally distributed zoonotic respiratory disease characterized by diverse and nonspecific clinical manifestations and is therefore frequently misdiagnosed as community-acquired pneumonia. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling disease transmission and improving patient outcomes. However, conventional etiological diagnostic methods, including serological antibody assays, are limited by low sensitivity and long turnaround times. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), as a rapid and highly sensitive tool for pathogen detection, has demonstrated notable advantages in the diagnosis of psittacosis, particularly in patients with severe disease. By rapidly identifying the causative pathogen, mNGS provides an effective new strategy for the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of C. psittaci infection. Nevertheless, the widespread clinical implementation of mNGS continues to face several challenges, including insufficient standardization of sample pretreatment procedures.Based on a review of relevant literature from China and other countries, this article summarizes the clinical application scenarios, performance advantages, and clinical value of mNGS in the early diagnosis of C. psittaci infection and discusses the current challenges and future directions of this technology. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of C. psittaci infection and to promote the appropriate application and continuous optimization of mNGS in clinical practice.

Key words: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing, Psittacosis, Community-acquired pneumonia, Early diagnosis

中图分类号:

R518.1

梁若轩, 孔东锋, 刘威. 宏基因组测序技术在鹦鹉热早期诊断中的应用进展[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2026, 11(4): 81-87.

Liang Ruoxuan, Kong Dongfeng, Liu Wei. Application progress of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the early diagnosis of psittacosis[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2026, 11(4): 81-87.

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