Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of cervical lymph node tuberculosis patients in the process of standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment, and analyze the related influencing factors, so as to provide a new idea and basis for the treatment of this kind of diseases. Method A retrospective analysis method was adopted to collect the clinical data of patients diagnosed as cervical lymph node tuberculosis with standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment in Chengdu Public Health Clinical Center from March 2020 to March 2022. According to the prognosis of the disease, the patients were divided into progressive group and non-progressive group. The baseline data such as sex, age, immune cell count and complications of the two groups were statistically analyzed, and the related factors affecting the disease progress were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Result A total of 129 patients with cervical lymph node tuberculosis were included in this study, including 70 cases in the progressive group and 59 cases in the non-progressive group. The comparative analysis between the progressive group and non-progressive group of cervical lymph node tuberculosis showed significant statistical differences（P<0.05）in CD4⁺T lymphocyte count(P<0.05), CD8⁺T lymphocyte count(P=0.005), NK cell count(P<0.05),combined with mediastinal lymphadenopathy (P<0.05), treatment and retreatment of tuberculosis(P<0.05), and drug resistance (P=0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that lower NK cell count (OR=39.968, 95%CI 9.324-171.333, P<0.05), age equal to or younger than 45 years(OR=7.972, 95%CI 1.114-60.598, P=0.036), retreatment of tuberculosis(OR=24.118, 95%CI 4.563-127.479,P<0.05) and combined with mediastinal lymphadenopathy were independent risk factors for the progression of cervical lymph node tuberculosis. Conclusion This study found that lower NK cell count, age≤45 years old, retreatment of tuberculosis and combined with mediastinal lymphadenopathy were independent risk factors for the progress and recurrence of cervical lymph node tuberculosis during standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment.

Key words: Cervical lymph node tuberculosis, Lymphocyte, Progress, Risk factors