Analysis of clinical features of 80 cases of central nervous system tuberculosis in children

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2024.01.008

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of central nervous system tuberculosis (CNSTB) in children for early clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method A total of 80 cases of CNSTB in children treated in Guangzhou Chest Hospital from February 2016 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected as the study group and 41 cases of CNSTB in adults as the control group. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Result The main clinical manifestations of the children in the study group were fever (88.8%), vomiting (38.8%) and cough (33.8%), among which 58.8% had a clear history of contact with tuberculosis, 73.8% had a course of disease longer than 14 days before diagnosis, 56.3% had biochemical abnormalities of cerebrospinal fluid, and 41.2% showed meningeal type on head MRI. There were significant differences between the study group and the control group in pulmonary tuberculosis contact history, disease duration before diagnosis, cerebrospinal fluid biochemical abnormality rate, and head MRI findings (χ²=21.43, 10.30, 4.92, 6.19, all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in clinical symptoms (except headache), nervous system physical examination, clinical stage, blood tuberculosis infection T-cell spot test (T-SPOT.TB), tuberculin pure protein derivative (PPD) test, hydrocephalus and poor prognosis between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of critical illness between patients with uncomplicated tuberculosis and those with complicated tuberculosis in the study group(χ²=5.83, P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical symptoms of children with CNSTB are non-specific, but are usually accompanied by a clear history of pulmonary tuberculosis exposure. Brain MRI mainly showed meningeal involvement, Children with CNSTB without pulmonary tuberculosis are prone to severe cases. Clinical doctors should improve their understanding of the clinical characteristics of CNSTB in children.

Key words: Children, Central nervous system tuberculosis, Clinical features

CLC Number:

Wang Xiaoxia, Tan Shouyong, Huang Shaomei, Hu Haixia. Analysis of clinical features of 80 cases of central nervous system tuberculosis in children[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2024, 9(1): 37-41.

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