认知功能正常HIV感染者的静息态脑功能变化：来自低频振幅与局部一致性的证据

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2025.06.007

新发传染病电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (6): 46-51.doi: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2025.06.007

认知功能正常HIV感染者的静息态脑功能变化：来自低频振幅与局部一致性的证据

王媛媛¹, 杨波¹, 庞美怡¹, 贾永红¹, 赵玲玲², 王伟^2,3

1.北京市第二医院放射科,北京 100031;
2.河南省传染病医院放射科,河南郑州 450000;
3.首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院放射科,北京 100069

收稿日期:2025-08-19 出版日期:2025-12-31 发布日期:2026-01-26
通讯作者: 赵玲玲,Email：13592601708@163.com;王伟,Email：mtcz_2009@126.com
基金资助:
1.河南省科技攻关项目（252102310104,242102310315）; 2.河南省传染病(艾滋病)临床医学研究中心2024年度开放课题（KFKT202401,KFKT202403）

Resting-state brain functional changes in cognitively normal HIV-infected individuals: evidence from amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and regional homogeneity

Wang Yuanyuan¹, Yang Bo¹, Pang Meiyi¹, Jia Yonghong¹, Zhao Lingling², Wang Wei^2,3

1. Department of Radiology, Beijing Second Hospital, Beijing 100031, China;
2. Department of Radiology, Henan Infectious Disease Hospital, Henan Zhengzhou 450000, China;
3. Department of Radiology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China

Received:2025-08-19 Online:2025-12-31 Published:2026-01-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的本研究旨在探讨静息态功能磁共振成像（resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,rs-fMRI）的低频振幅（amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF）与局部一致性（regional homogeneity,ReHo）指标,在识别认知功能正常HIV感染者脑功能异常中的应用潜力,揭示其临床症状显现前的神经功能改变,为HIV相关神经认知障碍（HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders,HAND）的早期筛查及“临床前” 评估提供神经影像学依据。方法纳入2023年1月至2025年6月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院23例经神经心理学评估确认认知功能正常的HIV感染者与25例健康对照者,采集静息态fMRI数据,分别计算ALFF与ReHo指标,并采用双样本t检验比较两组间的脑功能差异（P<0.05,AlphaSim校正）。结果 ALFF分析显示,与健康对照组相比,HIV感染者在右侧中央后回、左侧角回、双侧缘上回的ALFF值升高,在双侧额中回及右侧额上回的ALFF值降低（P<0.05）。ReHo分析显示,与健康对照组相比,HIV感染者在右侧中央后回、右侧缘上回、右侧角回的ReHo值升高,在左侧枕极的ReHo值降低（P<0.05）。结论在认知功能正常的阶段,HIV感染者已存在显著的静息态脑功能异常,主要表现为前额叶区域活动减弱与后部顶叶区域活动增强。ALFF与ReHo指标可作为识别HAND临床前功能改变的敏感工具,可为HAND的早期筛查与干预提供潜在的神经影像学依据。

Abstract: Objective Traditional neuropsychological assessments have insufficient sensitivity in identifying early brain function abnormalities in HIV-infected individuals. This study aims to explore the application potential of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) indices derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in detecting brain function abnormalities in HIV-infected individuals with normal cognitive function, reveal preclinical neurofunctional changes before the onset of clinical symptoms, and provide neuroimaging evidence for the early screening and "preclinical" evaluation of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Method Twenty-three cognitively normal PLWH confirmed by neuropsychological assessment and 25 healthy controls underwent rs-fMRI scanning from January 2023 to June 2025 at Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University. ALFF and ReHo maps were calculated separately. Between-group differences were examined with two-sample t-tests (AlphaSim correction, P<0.05). Result ALFF analyses revealed significantly increased ALFF in the right post-central gyrus, left angular gyrus, and bilateral supramarginal gyri, along with decreased ALFF in the bilateral middle frontal gyri and right superior frontal gyrus in PLWH compared with controls. ReHo analyses showed elevated ReHo in the right post-central gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, and right angular gyrus, and decreased ReHo in the left occipital pole in PLWH relative to controls. All differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Even in the cognitively normal stage, PLWH exhibit prominent resting-state brain functional abnormalities, characterized by hypoactivity in prefrontal regions and hyperactivity in posterior parietal regions. ALFF and ReHo can serve as sensitive indices for detecting preclinical functional alterations in HAND, offering a potential neuroimaging basis for early screening and intervention.

Key words: People living with HIV, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, Resting-state fMRI, Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation

中图分类号:

R512.91

王媛媛, 杨波, 庞美怡, 贾永红, 赵玲玲, 王伟. 认知功能正常HIV感染者的静息态脑功能变化：来自低频振幅与局部一致性的证据[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2025, 10(6): 46-51.

Wang Yuanyuan, Yang Bo, Pang Meiyi, Jia Yonghong, Zhao Lingling, Wang Wei. Resting-state brain functional changes in cognitively normal HIV-infected individuals: evidence from amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and regional homogeneity[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2025, 10(6): 46-51.

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认知功能正常HIV感染者的静息态脑功能变化：来自低频振幅与局部一致性的证据

Resting-state brain functional changes in cognitively normal HIV-infected individuals: evidence from amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and regional homogeneity

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