宿主转录组学、影像组学、影像基因组学在耐药结核病 诊治中的应用

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2025.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 长期以来,结核病（tuberculosis,TB）是全球公共卫生领域面临的重大挑战,而耐药结核病（drug-resistant tuberculosis,DR-TB）的出现加剧了TB的严峻形势。DR-TB不仅威胁个人健康,也给社会经济带来了沉重的负担。目前,DR-TB仍然依赖于药物治疗。因此,快速、准确、便捷的诊断技术对于遏制TB,尤其是DR-TB的传播至关重要。转录组学的发展为DR-TB的诊断带来了新的希望。通过分析宿主对结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB）感染的分子反应,可以确定关键基因的表达模式。这为快速筛查和分流DR-TB提供了新的可能性。同样,影像组学的进步也为TB的诊断和治疗监测提供了新的工具。影像组学包括从成像数据中提取高通量放射学特征,构建诊断、预测和预后模型,并研究成像数据与临床结果之间的相关性。此外,影像基因组学将影像组学和基因组学相结合,探索病变成像特征与基因组和分子特征之间的关系。这种整合为无创诊断、预后评估和治疗评估提供了创新方法。本文回顾了宿主转录组学、影像组学和影像基因组学在诊断和治疗DR-TB方面的进展。目的是为该领域的研究提供新的视角,并进一步理解这些技术在DR-TB诊治中的应用。

关键词: 宿主, 转录组学, 影像组学, 影像基因组学, 耐药结核病

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) has long been a major challenge to global public health, and the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has intensified the severity of TB. DR-TB not only threatens individual health but also imposes significant socio-economic burdens. Currently, the treatment of DR-TB remains dependent on drug therapy. Therefore, rapid, accurate, and convenient diagnostic technologies are crucial for controlling the spread of TB, particularly DR-TB. Advances of transcriptomics offer new hope for the diagnosis of DR-TB. By analyzing the molecular responses of the host to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection, researchers can identify the expression patterns of key genes. This provides new possibilities for the rapid screening and triage of DR-TB cases. Similarly, progress in radiomics has introduced new tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of TB treatment. Radiomics involves extracting high-throughput radiological features from imaging data, enabling the construction of models for diagnosis, prediction, and prognosis, as well as for studying the correlation between imaging data and clinical outcomes. Furthermore, radiogenomics integrates radiomics with genomics to explore the relationship between lesion imaging characteristics and genomic and molecular features. This integration offers innovative methods for non-invasive diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and treatment evaluation. This paper reviews the advancements in host transcriptomics, radiomics, and radiogenomics in the diagnosis and treatment of DR-TB. The aim is to provide new perspectives for research in this field and to deepen our understanding of the application of these technologies in managing DR-TB.

Key words: Host, Transcriptomics, Radiomics, Radiogenomics, Drug-resistant tuberculosis

中图分类号:

宋树林, 金观桥. 宿主转录组学、影像组学、影像基因组学在耐药结核病诊治中的应用[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2025, 10(4): 83-88.

Song Shulin, Jin Guanqiao. Application of host transcriptomics, radiomics and radiogenomics in the diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant TB[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2025, 10(4): 83-88.

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