VP1 gene characteristics of predominant enterovirus serotype of 182 hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina patients from Shenzhen in 2023

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2025.05.007

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate enterovirus serotypes in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) or herpangina (HA) in Shenzhen during 2023, and analyze evolutionary traits of the predominant serotype. Method Fecal sample or throat swabs, collected from 182 HFMD/HA patients in Shenzhen during 2023. Enteroviruses were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, and positive samples were typed via PCR-sequencing; besides, the full-length VP1 sequences of the predominant serotype of enterovirus were obtained for phylogenetic tree construction using MEGA X, and sequence similarity analysis using Bioedit. Result Enterovirus prevalence was 62.1% (113/182), with coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) as the predominant serotype. Phylogenetic analysis resolved CV-A6 into 4 lineages (A-D),with all 2023 Shenzhen isolates assigned to the D3a subclade of linages D. Nucleotides and amino acid sequence identities with representative strains of lineages A-C were 82.0%-85.1% and 93.7%-96.7%, respectively. Conclusion CV-A6 was the predominant enterovirus serotype in 2023 HFMD/HA pediatric cases from Shenzhen, belonging to the globally circulating D3a subclade of lineage D.

Key words: Hand, foot, and mouth disease, Herpangina, Coxsackievirus A6, Viral protein 1, Phylogenetic trees

CLC Number:

R511
R725.1

Li Shengyong, Mai Guangxing, Yan Zehao, Xiao Kelin. VP1 gene characteristics of predominant enterovirus serotype of 182 hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina patients from Shenzhen in 2023[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2025, 10(5): 36-40.

References

[1] 国家卫生健康委员会. 手足口病诊疗指南(2018年版)[J]. 传染病信息, 2018, 31(3):193-198.
[2] 中华医学会儿科学分会感染学组, 国家感染性疾病医疗质量控制中心. 疱疹性咽峡炎诊断及治疗专家共识(2019年版)[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2019, 57(3):177-180.
[3] WALKER PJ, SIDDELL SG, LEFKOWITZ EJ, et al.Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)[J]. Arch Virol, 2021, 166(9):2633-2648.
[4] 郝晓甜, 李克坚, 周诚, 等. 柯萨奇病毒A组6型的研究进展[J].中国生物制品学杂志,2023,36(10):1271-1275+1280.
[5] 潘虹, 陈小玲, 文奇, 等.2018-2023年新余地区手足口病流行特征及其CVA6型病毒分子特征研究[J].病毒学报, 2025, 41(3): 645-651.
[6] 邱方洲, 沈永明. 肠道病毒感染相关疾病的流行特征研究进展[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2023, 8(3):84-89.
[7] 张文婷, 杜阳光, 高雪, 等. 2021年江苏省徐州市手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎病例肠道病毒病原谱分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2024, 39(7):863-868.
[8] ZHOU Y, QIU Q, LUO K et al. Molecular strategy for the direct detection and identification of human enteroviruses in clinical specimens associated with hand, foot and mouth disease[J]. PLOS ONE, 2020, 15(11): e0241614.
[9] XIAO K, DUAN L, PENG Y, et al.Epidemiologic features of enterovirus associated with hand, foot and mouth disease in 2013 and 2014 in Shenzhen, China[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1):3856.
[10] 张晓玲, 俞慧菊, 宋志刚, 等. 上海市柯萨奇病毒A6型流行株基因进化与选择压力分析[J]. 国际病毒学杂志, 2017, 24(6):365-370.
[11] KUMAR S, STECHER G, LI M, et al.MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms[J]. Mol Biol Evol, 2018, 35(6):1547-1549.
[12] HALL T.BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT[J]. Nucl Acids Symp Ser, 1999, 41:95-98.
[13] SONG Y, ZHANG Y, JI T, et al.Persistent circulation of Coxsackievirus A6 of genotype D3 in mainland of China between 2008 and 2015[J]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 5491.
[14] 王佳琪, 王松旺, 赵自雄, 等. 2010-2019年中国南亚热带地区气象因素对手足口病发病的影响[J]. 疾病监测, 2024, 39(6):705-710.
[15] 梁兆毅, 孟君, 张艳炜, 等. 深圳市2008—2020年手足口病流行特征及EV71疫苗接种对其发病率影响[J].中国公共卫生, 2023, 39(2):249-252.
[16] 樊欢, 李明阳, 石平, 等. 江苏省3个城市疱疹性咽峡炎流行病学与病原学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志, 2024, 45(7) : 977-982.
[17] 聂玲, 董帅兵, 赵好, 等. 2019—2022年北京市手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎流行病学特征及病原学分析[J].国际病毒学杂志, 2024, 31(3) : 192-195.
[18] ÖSTERBACK R, VUORINEN T, LINNA M, et al.Coxsackievirus A6 and Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease, Finland[J]. Emerg Infect Dis, 2009, 15(9):1485.
[19] BIAN L, YIPING W, XIN Y, et al.Coxsackievirus A6: a new emerging pathogen causing hand, foot and mouth disease outbreaks worldwide[J]. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2015, 13(9):1061-1071.
[20] HE YQ, CHEN L, XU WB, et al.Emergence, circulation, and spatiotemporal phylogenetic analysis of coxsackievirus a6- and coxsackievirus a10-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease infections from 2008 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2013, 51(11):3560-3566.
[21] 张婉雪,刘珏. 柯萨奇病毒A组6型手足口病的流行病学研究进展[J].中华疾病控制杂志, 2021, 25(5):605-611.
[22] 黄小丽, 陈龙, 姚相杰, 等. 2020-2022年深圳地区柯萨奇病毒A6的流行病学与分子特征分析[J].病毒学报, 2024, 40(1):106-114.
[23] 杨振兴, 梁万超, 余钧池. 2019-2022年广西壮族自治区柳州市手足口病病原学监测及柯萨奇病毒A6型VP1基因特征[J]. 现代疾病预防控制, 2024, 35(2):95-98.
[24] 冯爽, 任晓宾, 王哲, 等.2010—2023年浙江省杭州市手足口病流行特征及病原学分析[J].上海预防医学, 2025, 37(2):129-134.
[25] 曹佳琪, 邢洪光, 张志敏, 等. 2019—2021年北京市丰台区手足口病及疱疹性咽峡炎病原学监测结果分析[J]. 寄生虫病与感染性疾病, 2023, 21(2):95-99,103.
[26] 王玉洁,杨洪,姚相杰,等.2015年深圳地区疱疹性咽峡炎的病原学与流行病学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(08):759-763.
[27] 潘倩瑜, 杨洪, 何雅青, 等.2021年深圳地区疱疹性咽峡炎流行病学与病原学特征分析[J].热带医学杂志, 2023, 23(7):900-903,913.
[28] 连宪强, 刘坚基, 王文祥. 2016-2022年深圳市大鹏新区肠道病毒分型分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2024, 36(6):528-533.
[29] GAO L, ZOU G, LIAO Q, et al.Spectrum of Enterovirus Serotypes Causing Uncomplicated Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease and Enteroviral Diagnostic Yield of Different Clinical Samples. Clin Infect Dis, 2018, 67(11):1729-1735.
[30] 乔凤娟, 孙炳欣, 张兴国, 等. 2019-2022年长春地区柯萨奇病毒A6的流行病学与分子特征分析[J]. 中国生物制品学杂志, 2024, 37(10):1200-1205, 1213.